【電】 derivative con-trol
【計】 export
control; dominate; desist; grasp; hold; manage; master; predominate; rein
rule
【計】 C; control; controls; dominance; gated; gating; governing
【醫】 control; dirigation; encraty
【經】 check; command; control; controlling; cost control; dominantion
monitoring; regulate; rig
Export control (導出控制) is a regulatory mechanism implemented by governments to manage the transfer of sensitive goods, technologies, or services across national borders. This concept primarily involves restricting the export of items that could endanger national security, violate international nonproliferation agreements, or be used for human rights violations. In Chinese legal frameworks, it aligns with the objectives outlined in the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China (《中華人民共和國出口管制法》), which took effect in December 2020.
From a linguistic perspective, the term "導出控制" combines "導出" (export/transfer out) and "控制" (control/restriction), reflecting its dual focus on cross-border movement and regulatory oversight. In practice, it covers dual-use items (civilian and military applications), nuclear materials, and advanced technologies such as semiconductors.
Key authorities like China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and the State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND) enforce these controls through licensing systems and compliance audits. For example, exporters of controlled items must apply for permits and conduct end-user screenings to prevent unauthorized usage. Internationally, mechanisms like the Wassenaar Arrangement and the Nuclear Suppliers Group provide multilateral frameworks that influence China's export control policies.
“導出控制”是由“導出”和“控制”組合而成的術語,其核心含義需結合“控制”的基本定義進行延伸解釋:
根據多個權威來源(、、、),控制指通過操縱或管理手段,使對象不超出特定範圍或按既定意願活動。例如:
“導出”通常指将數據、技術、物品等從内部系統或國家轉移到外部。結合“控制”的定義,“導出控制”可理解為:
若需更具體的行業定義(如軍事、科技領域),建議進一步查閱專業文獻或政策文件,以獲取針對性解釋。
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